The main fields of refractory material application

Refractory materials are the fundamental materials in the field of high-temperature technology and are widely used in various departments. The most common application among them is as a structural material and lining to resist high-temperature effects in various thermal equipment and high-temperature containers.

In the steel and metallurgical industry, coke ovens are mainly composed of refractory materials. The blast furnace, hot blast furnace, various steelmaking furnaces, soaking pits, heating furnaces, etc. for ironmaking must not lack various refractory materials that meet the requirements. Not only does the casting of molten steel consume a large amount of refractory materials, but continuous casting also requires some high-quality refractory materials.

Refining outside the furnace without high-quality refractory materials is also impossible to achieve. The statistical results indicate that the steel industry is the department that requires the most refractory materials, accounting for approximately 60% of the total production of refractory materials.

The pyrometallurgical smelting and thermal processing of non-ferrous metals also rely on refractory materials. All high-temperature furnaces or their linings in the building materials industry and other high-temperature operation departments that produce silicate products, such as the glass industry, cement industry, and ceramic industry, must be constructed with refractory materials.

Refractory materials are necessary for other industries such as chemical engineering, power, and mechanical manufacturing.

In short, when a certain structure, device, equipment, or container is used or operated at a high temperature of about 1000 ℃ or above, physical, chemical, mechanical and other effects may occur, causing deformation, softening, melting, erosion, erosion, or cracking damage to the material. This not only makes the operation unsustainable, interrupts the service life of the material, affects production, but also pollutes the processing object and affects product quality, Therefore, it is necessary to use this type of refractory material that has the ability to resist high temperatures.

2、 Basic requirements for refractory materials

High temperature operating departments require refractory materials to have the ability to resist high temperature heat loads, but due to different operating departments, even different parts of the same furnace may have inconsistent working conditions. Therefore, there are also differences in the requirements for refractory materials.

Based on the general working conditions of ordinary industrial kilns, the following requirements for the performance of refractory materials are summarized:

Resisting the composite effect of heat and high temperature, without softening or melting, requires refractory materials to have a relatively high refractory degree.

Resistance to high temperature thermal load, non shrinkage and only uniform expansion in volume, requiring high volume stability of the material, minimal residual shrinkage and expansion, no crystal transformation, and severe volume effects.

Resistance to the combined effects of high temperature rapid heat load and heavy load, without loss of strength, creep and collapse, requires the material to have relatively high room temperature strength and high-temperature hot state strength, high load softening temperature, and high creep resistance.

Resistance to rapid temperature changes or uneven heating, without cracking or peeling, and requires the material to have good thermal shock resistance.

Resistance to chemical erosion by molten liquid, dust, and gas, without deterioration or erosion, and requires the material to have good slag resistance.

Resist the erosion, impact, and wear of flames, furnace materials, and Liao Chen, without surface damage, and require the material to have low vapor pressure and high chemical stability.

In addition, in order to ensure the overall quality, slag resistance, air tightness, and ease of construction of structures or linings made of block shaped refractory materials, it is also required that the material appearance be neat, the dimensions be accurate, a certain tolerance be ensured, and defects that are not allowed to exist are eliminated. In order to withstand the impact and possible mechanical vibration and squeezing during transportation, the material must have a relatively high room temperature strength. For some special requirements, it is sometimes necessary to consider their thermal conductivity and conductivity.

It should be noted that although the above points can serve as a basis for evaluating the quality of refractory materials, no refractory material can fully meet all the above requirements. When selecting or evaluating refractory materials, it is necessary to use the outstanding characteristics of the materials that are suitable for the conditions of use, and make the best use of everything. At the same time, considering economic accounting